MEGA QUIZ- 2 (30 to 40)
It is the process used by plants to uptake the organic contaminants from soil?
Phytoaccumulation
Phytotransformation
Phytostabilization
Phytodegradation
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| source - wikipedia |
Phytoremediation is a process used by plants to remove, degrade, or immobilize organic contaminants from soil, water, or air. It involves the use of specific plants, known as hyperaccumulators or phytoremediators, that have the ability to absorb, accumulate, and transform pollutants within their tissues.
There are several mechanisms involved in phytoremediation:
Phytoextraction or phytoaccumulation: This process involves the uptake and accumulation of contaminants in the roots, stems, leaves, and other plant tissues. The contaminants can be heavy metals, organic pollutants, or radioactive elements. Once accumulated in the plant, they can be harvested and properly disposed of, thus removing them from the environment.
Phytotransformation: In this process, plants absorb organic contaminants from the soil and transform them into less toxic or non-toxic forms. The transformation can occur through various mechanisms, such as enzymatic reactions or metabolic processes within the plant. Phytotransformation is particularly effective for organic compounds like pesticides, petroleum hydrocarbons, and industrial pollutants.
Phytostabilization: Phytostabilization involves using plants to immobilize contaminants in the soil and prevent their migration or uptake by other organisms. Certain plants have the ability to bind or sequester pollutants through their roots, effectively reducing their mobility and bioavailability. This method is commonly used for metals and metalloids, preventing their spread into groundwater or the food chain.
Phytodegradation: Some plants possess enzymes or microbial symbionts that can degrade organic contaminants directly within their tissues. Through metabolic processes, these plants can break down complex pollutants into simpler, less toxic substances. Phytodegradation is effective for various organic compounds, including chlorinated solvents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and certain pesticides.
Phytoremediation offers several advantages over traditional remediation methods. It is often cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and aesthetically pleasing. However, its effectiveness can vary depending on factors such as plant species selection, site conditions, contaminant type and concentration, and the duration of the remediation process. Therefore, careful assessment and planning are essential for successful phytoremediation projects.
Marine sediments has radioactivity of about?
200-4000 Bq/Kg
100-200 Bq/Kg
700-1000 Bq/Kg
0.1-1 Bq/Kg
Water act was passed in the year?
1974
1977
1981
1986
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in India in 1974 to address the growing concerns over water pollution and the degradation of water resources. The act aimed to prevent and control water pollution by regulating and monitoring industrial and domestic activities that contribute to water pollution.
Under the Water Act, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was established as the central authority responsible for implementing and enforcing the provisions of the act. State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) were also formed at the state level to assist in the implementation and enforcement of the act's provisions.
The key objectives of the Water Act include:
1. Prevention and control of water pollution: The act provides for the prevention, control, and abatement of water pollution by regulating the discharge of pollutants into water bodies.
2. Establishment of standards: The act empowers the CPCB and SPCBs to prescribe standards for the quality of water to be maintained in various water bodies, including rivers, lakes, and groundwater sources.
3. Regulation of pollution sources: The act requires industries and other polluting activities to obtain consent from the respective pollution control boards and comply with the prescribed standards for wastewater discharge.
4. Monitoring and enforcement: The act empowers the pollution control boards to monitor and inspect polluting industries, collect samples for analysis, and take necessary actions, including the closure of non-compliant units.
5. Penalties and offenses: The act includes provisions for penalties and punishments for violations, including fines and imprisonment, to deter non-compliance with the pollution control measures.
Since its enactment, the Water Act has been amended multiple times to strengthen its provisions and align with emerging environmental challenges. The act has played a crucial role in regulating and controlling water pollution in India, protecting water resources, and promoting sustainable water management practices.
CPCB (Central pollution control board) is at?
Hyderabad
Bangalore
New Delhi
Kochi
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| source ' wikipedia |
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is the central regulatory authority in India for controlling and preventing pollution. It was established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. The CPCB is headquartered in New Delhi.
The primary mandate of the CPCB is to promote and enforce measures for the prevention, control, and abatement of pollution in India. It works towards maintaining and improving the quality of air and water resources, as well as managing and disposing of hazardous wastes. The CPCB also plays a crucial role in coordinating and collaborating with state pollution control boards and other agencies involved in environmental protection.
Key functions of the CPCB include:
1. Formulating policies and guidelines: The CPCB develops policies, guidelines, and standards for pollution control and prevention across different sectors.
2. Monitoring and assessment: The board conducts monitoring and assessment of air, water, and soil quality to identify pollution sources and evaluate the effectiveness of pollution control measures.
3. Issuing directives and guidelines: The CPCB issues directives and guidelines to industries and other stakeholders regarding pollution control, waste management, and environmental regulations.
4. Capacity building and training: The board conducts training programs, workshops, and capacity building activities to enhance awareness and knowledge about pollution control measures.
5. Environmental impact assessment: The CPCB reviews and provides clearance for projects through the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process to ensure they comply with environmental norms.
6. Enforcement and compliance: The CPCB enforces environmental laws and regulations, takes action against polluting industries and individuals, and ensures compliance with pollution control measures.
The CPCB plays a critical role in the overall environmental management and regulation in India. Its efforts contribute to the protection and conservation of the environment and the sustainable development of the country.
Among the IMC which has the highest fecundity?
Catla
Rohu
Mrigala
All have same fecundity
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| source - fao |
Wet Bundhs are popular in the state of
Madhya Pradesh
West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh
Rajasthan
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| source - researchgate |
% of Phosphorus in SSP (Single Super Phosphate)?
10%
16%
33%
42-44%
The percentage of phosphorus in SSP (Single Super Phosphate) is **16%**.
Single superphosphate is a type of fertilizer that is made by reacting rock phosphate with sulfuric acid. It is a good source of phosphorus, which is a key nutrient for plant growth. Phosphorus is involved in a number of important plant processes, including photosynthesis, respiration, and the production of energy. It is also essential for the development of strong roots and healthy crops.
Single superphosphate is a relatively inexpensive fertilizer, and it is easy to apply. It can be broadcast over the soil or applied directly to the roots of plants. It is important to note that single superphosphate can make the soil more acidic, so it is important to test the soil before applying it.
Injecting pituitary from one fish to another fish closely related to the donor fish is known as?
Homoplastic
Heteroplastic
Homobasic
Heterobasic
Injecting pituitary from one fish to another fish closely related to the donor fish is known as homoplastic injection. This technique is used to induce breeding in fish. The pituitary gland produces hormones that control reproduction, and injecting pituitary extract from a donor fish can stimulate the recipient fish to spawn.
Homoplastic injection is a safe and effective way to induce breeding in fish. It is a relatively simple procedure, and it can be used to breed a variety of fish species. Homoplastic injection is a valuable tool for fish farmers and aquaculture researchers.
The other options are incorrect:
Heteroplastic injection is the injection of pituitary from one fish to another fish that is not closely related to the donor fish. This can be dangerous, as the recipient fish may reject the injected hormones.
Homobasic injection is the injection of a single hormone into a fish. This is not as effective as homoplastic injection, as it does not stimulate the fish to spawn.
Heterobasic injection is the injection of multiple hormones into a fish. This is not as effective as homoplastic injection, as it can cause the fish to become stressed or sick.
Outer net of hatching hapa is made up of ………. and is ……… mm thick?
Mosquito net & 0.5mm
Bolting Cloth & 0.5 mm
Mosquito net & 2-2.5 mm
Bolting cloth & 2-2.5mm
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| source - research gate |
Size of IMC eggs is?
4-8mm
3-5mm
>8 mm
>40mm
The size of Indian Major Carp (IMC) eggs can vary, but they generally fall within the range of 3-5mm in diameter. These eggs are relatively small and are visible to the naked eye. However, it is important to note that the exact size of IMC eggs may vary depending on factors such as the specific species of carp and the maturity and health of the individual fish.
The small size of the IMC eggs is typical of many freshwater fish species. After spawning, the eggs are usually adhesive and attach to various substrates such as aquatic vegetation or structures within the waterbody. The adhesive nature of the eggs helps in protecting them from being swept away by water currents.
Once the eggs hatch, the fry emerge, and they go through various stages of development before reaching adulthood. Proper care and suitable environmental conditions are crucial during the early stages of egg development to ensure the successful hatching and survival of the fry.
Understanding the size and characteristics of IMC eggs is important for fish breeders, hatcheries, and researchers involved in fish reproduction and aquaculture practices. By monitoring and managing the eggs and fry during their early developmental stages, it is possible to support the growth and health of Indian Major Carp populations.
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